Pugnacious, stubborn and a pragmatic worker for Taiwans independence, veteran politician Lai Ching-te will step into the international spotlight as the democratic islands next president to navigate an increasingly turbulent relationship with China.

The 64-year-old Harvard graduate rode to victory in Saturdays election on the promise that he would defend Taiwans democracy and resist Beijings claims on the island.

His win delivers an unprecedented third consecutive term for the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and in his victory speech Lai hailed it as a victory for the community of democracies.

We are telling the international community that between democracy and authoritarianism, we will stand on the side of democracy, he said.

He has vowed to continue outgoing President Tsai Ing-wens policies of building up Taiwans military capabilities as a defence deterrence against a potential invasion from China.

But his outspokenness - which he has moderated in recent months on his path to the presidency - has drawn the ire of Beijing.

China regards him as a stubborn worker for Taiwans independence and a saboteur of peace, warning that the soft-spoken politician would be the cause of war and decline for the island.

There are strong doubts on Chinas side about his deep-seated convictions, said Mathieu Duchatel, head of the Asia programme at Montaigne Institute in Paris, adding that at this stage, (Lai) wants above all to reassure.

“Son of a coal miner “

Unlike most of Taiwans political elite, Lai rose from humble origins.

Born in 1959, Lai was raised by his mother alongside five other siblings in a rural hamlet in New Taipei City, after his coal miner father died when he was a toddler.

After he graduated from Harvard University, he returned to work in a hospital in southern Taiwan before turning his attention to politics in 1996 during the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis.

My defining moment came as Chinas military adventurism¦ threatened our shores with live fire exercises and missiles, he wrote in an op-ed for The Wall Street Journal last July.

I decided I had a duty to participate in Taiwans democracy and help protect this fledgling experiment from those who wished it harm.

He served as a lawmaker, a mayor of the southern city of Tainan and a premier before he was tapped to be vice president to President Tsai Ing-wen, whom he will now succeed.

Under Tsais two-term tenure relations with China plummeted - with all high-level communications cut off - as she defended the islands sovereignty and refused to acknowledge Beijings claim over it.

During his campaign for office, Lai stuck to her stance that Taiwan is already independent, and does not need to formally declare itself separate from China. (AFP)