To fund infrastructure, Nigeria needs about $14 billion every year, out of which $10 billion should come from the federal level, the Coordinating Minister for the Economy and Minister of Finance, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, has said.

The minister, however, explained that this estimate is not comprehensive because it is likely to be higher when the total financial outlay needed to fund the Infrastructure Masterplan is calculated. She spoke during a training programme on Public Private Partnership’s (PPPs) organised yesterday in Abuja by the African Development Bank (ADB).

Nigeria’s current spending on infrastructure is about $6 billion. “So there is a big gap that needs to be filled. That is why PPPs are very important to Nigeria at the moment,” Okonjo-Iweala said.

According to her, “The country is already utilising PPPs in projects such as the Lekki Deep Sea Port, Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Second Niger Bridge, etc, but we need much more because our needs are so great

“Also we need to improve the PPP model to ensure that it suits the country’s needs, delivers clear benefits without leaving us with difficult problems.”

The minister one of the problematic areas as the amount of time needed to complete a PPP project. Her words: “On the average, according to studies, it takes seven years to complete a PPP project in Africa. This is too long! For policy makers and political leaders who are operating on a four year term, seven years to deliver a project which they have promised the people is not very attractive.The difference in time horizon between policy makers and technical partners needed to be reduced. PPPs need to be processed faster.

“In other words, we need better financial, legal and regulatory capacity to achieve faster results.

Another issue which we have observed is that there is s tendency to make legal requirements too complicated and load every risk on government to the benefit of investors who walk away with rewards at virtually no risk. Government must of course bear significant risk but not everything. The risks need to be shared so make the project fair and sustainable.

“Also the rate of return expectation of investors tends to be too high and this is reflected in unsustainably high costs of PPP projects. Sometimes it is as high as 30%! The consequence of this is that tolls are too high and the public understandably becomes hostile to the project and this leads to all kind of problems. There is therefore a need to have a right financial and economic framework which will ensure that investment is profitable but also benefit consumers and the economy.”

•Photo shows Okonjo-Iweala.